Main Article Content
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Small-incision cataract surgery (SICS) is a widely practiced surgery in developing nations. Its cost-effective nature and compatibility with high-volume facilities make it a valuable option, offering favorable visual outcomes for most patients. This study was done to evaluate the visual results of SICS procedures performed at a tertiary care center in Urun, Islampur and investigate the factors contributing to suboptimal visual outcomes.
METHODS
A total of 200 cataract patients were enrolled in this study. The research encompassed a comprehensive analysis of intraoperative and postoperative complications. There was a comparison made between postoperative visual acuity (VA) and preoperative VA, with a dedicated examination of the determinants of diminished visual outcomes. Follow-up evaluations were carried out on days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 30.
RESULTS
The average age of the patient cohort was 63 years, with a slightly higher representation of females (52%) compared to males. The most frequently encountered surgical complication with 5.5% incidence was striate keratopathy, which was then followed by iris damage which had an incidence of 4.5%. The other common complications included posterior capsular rent (PCR) with vitreous loss (3.5%), hypotony (0.10%), intraocular lens decentration (0.50%), surgically induced astigmatism (0.20%) and endophthalmitis (0.50%). Notably, 98% of the patients achieved visual acuity exceeding 6/18. Complications associated with suboptimal visual outcomes (<6/18) were primarily attributed to posterior capsular rent, surgically induced astigmatism, and endophthalmitis.
CONCLUSIONS
While SICS may carry a certain risk of complications, the majority of patients can attain favourable visual outcomes.
Keywords
Article Details

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References
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- Richter GM, Chung J, Azen SP, et al. Prevalence of visually significant cataract and factors associated with unmet need for cataract surgery: Los Angeles Latino eye study. Ophthalmology 2009;116(12):2327–35.
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- Limburg H, Silva JC, Foster A. Cataract in Latin America: Findings from nine recent surveys. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2009;25:449-55.
- Limburg H, Vaidyanathan K, Pampattiwar KN. Cataract blindness on the rise? Results of a door-to-door examination in Mohadi. Indian J Ophthalmol 1996;44(4):241-4.
- Gupta SK. Prevalence and risk factors of cataract in India: a review. Dev Ophthalmol 1997;27:1-5.
- Dandona L, Dandona R, Naduvilath TJ, et al Is current eye-care-policy focus almost exclusively on cataract adequate to deal with blindness in India? Lancet 1998;351(9112):1312-6.
- Schmid PW, Lim NC, Peters C, et al Imbalances in the eye lens proteome are linked to cataract formation. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2021;28(2):143-51.
- India’s aging population today’s research on aging today's: https://www.prb.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/TRA25-2012-India-aging.pdf
- Gogate P, Optom JJ, Deshpande S, et al. Meta-analysis to compare the safety and efficacy of manual small incision cataract surgery and phacoemulsification. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2015;22(3):362-9.
- Chanchlani M, Sarkar N, Manghani J, et al. Impact of music on the vitals in patients undergoing cataract extraction surgery. J Evol Med Dent Sci 2014;3:1536-41.
- Pai SG, Kamath SJ, Kedia V, et al. Cataract surgery in camp patients: a study on visual outcomes. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2011;3(2):159–64.
- Khan MT, Jan S, Hussain Z, et al. Visual outcome and complications of manual sutureless small incision cataract surgery. Pak J Ophthalmol 2010;26(1):32-8.
- Hashemi H, Khabazkhoob M, Rezvan F, et al Complications of cataract surgery in Iran: trend from 2006 to 2010. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2016;23(1):46–52.
- Pulido D, Ramirez-Miranda A, Garzon M, et al. Incidence of intraoperative complications in cataract surgery performed by residents. The Mexican Experience. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 2011;52(14):2798.
- Rathnakumar K, Baba. A study of post operative complications of cataract surgery. Indian Journal of Medical Case Reports 2014;3(1):37-9.
- Hosamani S, Vallabah K, Warad V. Post-operative complications and visual outcome in eye camp patients undergoing sutureless cataract surgery at a Base Hospital in Vijayapura District, South India. Niger J Ophthalmol 2015;23(1):16-21.
References
Pascolini D, Mariotti SP. Global estimates of visual impairment: 2010. Br J Ophthalmol 2012;96(5):614-8.
Resnikoff S, Pascolini D, Etya'ale D, et al. Global data on visual impairment in the year 2002. Bull World Health Organ 2004;82(11):844-51.
Murthy G, John N, Shamanna BR, et al. Elimination of avoidable blindness due to cataract: where do we prioritize and how should we monitor this decade? Indian J Ophthalmol 2012;60(5):438-45.
Li EY, Liu Y, Zhan X, et al Prevalence of blindness and outcomes of cataract surgery in Hainan Province in South China. Ophthalmology 2013;120(11):2176-83.
Richter GM, Chung J, Azen SP, et al. Prevalence of visually significant cataract and factors associated with unmet need for cataract surgery: Los Angeles Latino eye study. Ophthalmology 2009;116(12):2327–35.
Limburg H, von-Bischhoffshausen FB, Gomez P, et al. Review of recent surveys on blindness and visual impairment in Latin America. Br J Ophthalmol 2008;92(3):315-9.
Limburg H, Silva JC, Foster A. Cataract in Latin America: Findings from nine recent surveys. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2009;25:449-55.
Limburg H, Vaidyanathan K, Pampattiwar KN. Cataract blindness on the rise? Results of a door-to-door examination in Mohadi. Indian J Ophthalmol 1996;44(4):241-4.
Gupta SK. Prevalence and risk factors of cataract in India: a review. Dev Ophthalmol 1997;27:1-5.
Dandona L, Dandona R, Naduvilath TJ, et al Is current eye-care-policy focus almost exclusively on cataract adequate to deal with blindness in India? Lancet 1998;351(9112):1312-6.
Schmid PW, Lim NC, Peters C, et al Imbalances in the eye lens proteome are linked to cataract formation. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2021;28(2):143-51.
India’s aging population today’s research on aging today's: https://www.prb.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/TRA25-2012-India-aging.pdf
Gogate P, Optom JJ, Deshpande S, et al. Meta-analysis to compare the safety and efficacy of manual small incision cataract surgery and phacoemulsification. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2015;22(3):362-9.
Chanchlani M, Sarkar N, Manghani J, et al. Impact of music on the vitals in patients undergoing cataract extraction surgery. J Evol Med Dent Sci 2014;3:1536-41.
Pai SG, Kamath SJ, Kedia V, et al. Cataract surgery in camp patients: a study on visual outcomes. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2011;3(2):159–64.
Khan MT, Jan S, Hussain Z, et al. Visual outcome and complications of manual sutureless small incision cataract surgery. Pak J Ophthalmol 2010;26(1):32-8.
Hashemi H, Khabazkhoob M, Rezvan F, et al Complications of cataract surgery in Iran: trend from 2006 to 2010. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2016;23(1):46–52.
Pulido D, Ramirez-Miranda A, Garzon M, et al. Incidence of intraoperative complications in cataract surgery performed by residents. The Mexican Experience. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 2011;52(14):2798.
Rathnakumar K, Baba. A study of post operative complications of cataract surgery. Indian Journal of Medical Case Reports 2014;3(1):37-9.
Hosamani S, Vallabah K, Warad V. Post-operative complications and visual outcome in eye camp patients undergoing sutureless cataract surgery at a Base Hospital in Vijayapura District, South India. Niger J Ophthalmol 2015;23(1):16-21.