Main Article Content
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Bladder exstrophy is a complex, rare disorder that affects the foetus in utero. Here the abdominal wall is not fully formed, leaving the pubic bones separated and the bladder exposed in the lower abdominal wall.
METHODOLOGY
Single-stage reconstructive and repair surgery was undertaken in adults diagnosed with bladder exstrophy epispadias complex. The superficial external pudendal artery flap was considered for covering the defect after extensive reviews and discussion.
CONCLUSION
An uneventful surgery with recovery and a two-year follow-up post-surgery did not account for any complications following the procedure. This shows that the superficial external pudendal artery flap can be considered a favourable option for urologists in the repair of bladder exstrophy epispadias complex when undertaken in a single sitting surgery, especially in adults.
MeSH Terms
Bladder Exstrophy, epispadias repair, superficial external pudendal artery, axial-pattern flap.
Keywords
Article Details
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References
- Uludag S, Guralp O, Akbas M, Aydin Y, Sen C, Uludag S. Bladder exstrophy. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2012;31(4):225-9.
- Ludwig M, Ching B, Reutter H, Boyadjiev SA. Bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 2009;85(6):509-22.
- Satish Kumar KV, Mammen A, Varma KK. Pathogenesis of bladder exstrophy: a new hypothesis. J Pediatr Urol 2015;11(6):314-8.
- Baird AD. Exstrophy in the adolescent and young adult population. Semin Pediatr Surg 2011;20(2):109-12.
- Gearhart JP. Bladder exstrophy: staged reconstruction. Curr Opin Urol 1999;9(6):499-506.
- Williams P, Warwick R. Gray’s anatomy. 36th edn. New York: Churchill Livingstone 1980: P. 726.
- Dias AD, Thatte RL, Patil UA, Dhami LD, Prasad S. The uses of the SEPA flap in the repair of defects in the hands and fingers. Br J Plast Surg 1987;40(4):348-59.
- Dias AD. The superficial external pudendal artery (SEPA) axial-pattern flap. Br J Plastic Surg 1984;37(2):256-61.
- Patil UA, Dias AD, Thatte RL. The anatomical basis of the SEPA flap. Br J Plastic Surg 1987;40(4):342-7.
- Dias AD, Thatte RL, Patil UA, Dhami LD, Prasad S. The uses of the SEPA flap in the repair of defects in the hands and fingers. Br J Plast Surg 1987;40(4):348-59.
References
Uludag S, Guralp O, Akbas M, Aydin Y, Sen C, Uludag S. Bladder exstrophy. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2012;31(4):225-9.
Ludwig M, Ching B, Reutter H, Boyadjiev SA. Bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 2009;85(6):509-22.
Satish Kumar KV, Mammen A, Varma KK. Pathogenesis of bladder exstrophy: a new hypothesis. J Pediatr Urol 2015;11(6):314-8.
Baird AD. Exstrophy in the adolescent and young adult population. Semin Pediatr Surg 2011;20(2):109-12.
Gearhart JP. Bladder exstrophy: staged reconstruction. Curr Opin Urol 1999;9(6):499-506.
Williams P, Warwick R. Gray’s anatomy. 36th edn. New York: Churchill Livingstone 1980: P. 726.
Dias AD, Thatte RL, Patil UA, Dhami LD, Prasad S. The uses of the SEPA flap in the repair of defects in the hands and fingers. Br J Plast Surg 1987;40(4):348-59.
Dias AD. The superficial external pudendal artery (SEPA) axial-pattern flap. Br J Plastic Surg 1984;37(2):256-61.
Patil UA, Dias AD, Thatte RL. The anatomical basis of the SEPA flap. Br J Plastic Surg 1987;40(4):342-7.
Dias AD, Thatte RL, Patil UA, Dhami LD, Prasad S. The uses of the SEPA flap in the repair of defects in the hands and fingers. Br J Plast Surg 1987;40(4):348-59.